Barack Hussein Obama II (lahir 4 Agustus 1961) adalah Presiden Amerika Serikat ke-44 yang saat ini sedang menjabat. Ia merupakan orang Afrika Amerika pertama yang menempati jabatan tersebut. Lahir di Honolulu, Hawaii, Obama merupakan lulusan Universitas Columbia dan Harvard Law School, tempat ia menjadi presiden Harvard Law Review. Ia dulunya seorang penggerak masyarakat di Chicago sebelum mendapat gelar hukumnya. Ia bekerja sebagai jaksa hak-hak sipil di Chicago dan mengajar hukum konstitusi di University of Chicago Law School sejak 1992 sampai 2004. Ia tiga kali mewakili Distrik ke-13 di Senat Illinois mulai tahun 1997 hingga 2004, namun tidak lolos ke tahap Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Amerika Serikat tahun 2000.Pada tahun 2004, Obama mendapat perhatian nasional saat berkampanye mewakili Illionis di Senat Amerika Serikat melalui kemenangannya pada pemilu pendahuluan Partai Demokrat bulan Maret, pidatonya di Konvensi Nasional Demokrat bulan Juli, dan pemilihannya sebagai Senat pada bulan November. Ia memulai kampanye presidennya tahun 2007, dan pada tahun 2008, setelah kampanye pendahuluan melawan Hillary Rodham Clinton, Obama memenangkan mayoritas suara delegasi dalam pemilu pendahuluan partai Demokrat untuk dijadikan calon presiden. Ia kemudian mengalahkan calon dari Partai Republik John McCain dalam pemilihan umum presiden tahun 2008, dan dilantik sebagai presiden pada tanggal 20 Januari 2009. Sembilan bulan kemudian, Obama dinyatakan sebagai pemenang Hadiah Nobel Perdamaian 2009. Ia terpilih lagi sebagai presiden pada November 2012, mengalahkan Mitt Romney dari Partai Republik, dan dilantik untuk kedua kalinya pada tanggal 20 Januari 2013.
Pada masa jabatan pertamanya, Obama mengesahkan undang-undang stimulus ekonomi sebagai tanggapan terhadap resesi 2007–2009 di Amerika Serikat dalam bentuk American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 dan Tax Relief, Unemployment Insurance Reauthorization, and Job Creation Act of 2010. Inisiatif besar dalam negeri lainnya pada masa pemerintahannya adalah Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act; Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act; Don't Ask, Don't Tell Repeal Act of 2010; Budget Control Act of 2011; dan American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012. Di bidang kebijakan luar negeri, Obama mengakhiri keterlibatan militer A.S. dalam Perang Irak, menambah jumlah tentara di Afganistan, menandatangani perjanjian pengendalian senjata New START bersama Rusia, memerintahkan intervensi militer A.S. di Libya, dan melaksanakan operasi militer yang berujung pada kematian Osama bin Laden. Pada bulan mei 2012, ia menjadi presiden A.S. pertama yang mendukung pengesahan pernikahan sesama jenis secara terbuka.
Barack Hussein Obama II (born August 4, 1961) is the 44th and current President of the United States, and the first African American to hold the office. Born in Honolulu, Hawaii, Obama is a graduate of Columbia University and Harvard Law School, where he served as president of the Harvard Law Review. He was a community organizer in Chicago before earning his law degree. He worked as a civil rights attorney and taught constitutional law at the University of Chicago Law School from 1992 to 2004. He served three terms representing the 13th District in the Illinois Senate from 1997 to 2004, running unsuccessfully for the United States House of Representatives in 2000. In 2004, Obama received national attention during his campaign to represent Illinois in the United States Senate with his victory in the March Democratic Party primary, his keynote address at the Democratic National Convention in July, and his election to the Senate in November. He began his presidential campaign in 2007 and, after a close primary campaign against Hillary Rodham Clinton in 2008, he won sufficient delegates in the Democratic Party primaries to receive the presidential nomination. He then defeated Republican nominee John McCain in the general election, and was inaugurated as president on January 20, 2009. Nine months after his election, Obama was named the 2009 Nobel Peace Prize laureate.
During his first two years in office, Obama signed into law economic stimulus legislation in response to the Great Recession in the form of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 and the Tax Relief, Unemployment Insurance Reauthorization, and Job Creation Act of 2010. Other major domestic initiatives in his first term included the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, often referred to as "Obamacare"; the Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act; and the Don't Ask, Don't Tell Repeal Act of 2010. In foreign policy, Obama ended U.S. military involvement in the Iraq War, increased U.S. troop levels in Afghanistan, signed the New START arms control treaty with Russia, ordered U.S. military involvement in Libya, and ordered the military operation that resulted in the death of Osama bin Laden. In November 2010, the Republicans regained control of the House of Representatives as the Democratic Party lost a total of 63 seats; and, after a lengthy debate over federal spending and whether or not to raise the nation's debt limit, Obama signed the Budget Control Act of 2011 and the American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012.
Obama was re-elected president in November 2012, defeating Republican nominee Mitt Romney, and was sworn in for a second term on January 20, 2013. During his second term, Obama has promoted domestic policies related to gun control in response to the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting, and has called for full equality for LGBT Americans, while his administration has filed briefs which urged the Supreme Court to strike down the Defense of Marriage Act of 1996 and California's Proposition 8 as unconstitutional. In foreign policy, Obama ordered U.S. military involvement in Iraq in response to gains made by the Islamic State in Iraq after the 2011 withdrawal from Iraq, and has continued the process of ending U.S. combat operations in Afghanistan.
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